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A
Starving polar bears are eating one another in the Arctic. Flowers are blooming too soon and die. The ice caps are melting so fast that rising water levels will threaten coastal towns along Florida within several decades. These are just a few examples of the serious consequences of climate change supported by a new analysis in Nature.
In the past three decades, average global temperatures have risen about 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.6 degree Celsius) and are projected to jump by about 3 degrees F (1. 7 degrees C) by the end of the century, says study lead author Cynthia Rosenzweig, who heads the Climate Impacts Group at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies at Columbia University in New York City. "We've already seen that a relatively low amount of wanning," she says, "can result in a broad range of changes. " The unnatural warming caused by man-made greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide produced by cars and coal-powered plants, brings trouble for entire ecosystems. In North America alone, scientists have identified 89 species of plants, such as the American holly that have flowered earlier in the spring. In Spain, apple trees bloom 35 days ahead of schedule in response to the higher temperatures. Other wildlife, like the insects that use certain plants for food and the birds that feed on the insects, must then move forward their seasonal stirrings (萌动) and mating patterns to survive. To try to follow this time shift, some birds such as robins, the classic symbol of winter's thaw(解冻时期) , are returning to Colorado from their migrations (迁徙) some two weeks earlier than in years past. All these changes can throw a food chain in disorder. Some bird species that arrive before the insects reappear may starve to death. "Around the world, plants and animals are waking up to an earlier alarm clock than they used to," says Terry Root, a biologist from Stanford University.
1. What does the first paragraph mainly present to the readers? A. The survival of polar bears in the Arctic.
B. The terrible situation for the coastal town along Florida. C. A brief description of what a warming world will look like. D. A new analysis of climate change in Nature.
答案解析：答案为C。本题为段落大意题。细读第一段，先描述气候变化的几个严重后果的例子，最后进行概括总结，故答案为C。A，B选项都是后果之一，D选项不是第一段的重点。注意把握最后一句 “These are just a few examples of the serious consequences of?”, 答案就不难选择。
2. According to the passage, what has happened to plants as a result of
warming climate?
A. Many species of plants have died out.
B. Some flowers have appeared ahead of time.
C. Apple trees have produced less fruit. D. Plants have provided no food to birds. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第三段 “In North America alone, scientists have identified 89 species of plants, such as the American holly that have flowered earlier in the spring. In Spain, apple trees bloom 35 days ahead of schedule...”可知，花卉提前开放。故答案为B。 3. What can be learnt about robins from the passage? A. They are good at telling the direction. B. They can predict the change of weather.
C. They usually come back when spring comes. D. They have to move away for cool weather. 答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。由倒数第二段 “To try to follow this time shift, some birds such as robins, the classic symbol of winter's thaw, are returning to Colorado from their migrations some two weeks earlier than in years past.” 可知，robin鸟是冬天解冻时期的象征，比往年要早两周回到Colorado，故可以推断，这些鸟在春天天气暖和后才回来，由于全球气温升高，他们可以早点回到Colorado。故答案为C。 4.What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Man-made warming changes nature’s clock. B. Global warming is unavoidable.
C. Both plants and animals will change. D. People need to adapt to climate change.
答案解析：答案为A。本题为文章主旨大意题。结合全文内容，人类活动导致全球气温升高，造成了生态系统中动植物生物钟的紊乱，最后一段 “Around the world, plants and animals are waking up to an earlier alarm clock than they used to,”再次点题。故答案为A。
B
Arnold followed Eugie down the slope, stealing, as his brother did, from one stock of wheat to another. Eugie paused before climbing through the wire fence that divided the wheatfield from the marshy pasture(牧场) around the lake. They were screened from the ducks by the trees along the lake’s edge.
“If you hit your duck, you want me to go in after it ?” Eugie said. “If you want.” Arnold said. Eugie lowered his eyelids, “You’d drown before you got it, the legs of yours are so weak.” He said contemptuously(轻蔑地)。
He shoveled the tub under the fence and, pressing down the centre wire, climbed through into the pasture.
Arnold pressed down the bottom wire, thrust a leg through and leaned forward to bring the other leg after. His rifle caught on the wire and he pulled at it. The air was rocked by the sound of the shot. Feeling foolish, he lifted his face, baring it to an expected shower of
dersision(嘲弄)from his brother. But Eugie did not turn around.Instead, from his crouching position, he fell into his knees and then pitched forward onto his face. The ducks rose up crying from the lake, cleared the mountain background and beat away northward across the pale sky.
Amold squatted beside his brother. Eugie seemed to be climbing the earth, as if the earth ran up and down, and when he found he couldn’t scale it he lay still.
“Eugie?”
Then Arnold saw it, under the rolling hair at the back of the neck –- a solw rising of bright blood. It han an unpleasant movement, like that of a parasite(寄生虫)。
“Hey, Eugie,” he said again. He was feeling the same discomfort he had felt when he had watched Eugie sleeping; his brother didn’t known that he was lying face down in the pasture.
Again he said, “Hey, Eugie,” an anxious push in his voice. But Eugie was as still as the morning about them.
1. What does the underlined word “screened” in para 1 probably mean? A. Separated B. Stopped C. Dragged D. Hidden 答案解析：答案为D。本题为词义推断题。结合前四段可知，Eugie 和Arnold想去偷鸭子，可以推断，为了不被人发现，他们躲在隐蔽的地方，D选项“隐藏”最符合文意。 A选项意为 “分离”，B选项意为 “阻止”，C选项意为“拖、拉”，均不符合文意。
2. From Para 2 to Para 4,we know that . A. Eugie always laughed at Arnold.
B. Eugie would help Arnold hit the ducks.
C. Arnold begged Eugie to go in after the ducks. D. Eugie was worried that Arnold might drown
答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。从Eugie的动作和语言 “Eugie lowered his eyelids, ‘You’d drown before you got it, the legs of yours are so weak.’He said contemptuously.” 可知，Eugie认为Arnold无法偷到鸭子，他可能会淹死，因为他的腿有问题。Eugie的语气轻蔑高傲，故可推断，Eugie总是嘲笑Arnold。故答案为A。 3. Why did Eugie lie still?
A. Arnold shot him intentionally. B. Arnold killed him accidengtally. C. He pretended to be unconscious. D. He was ready to shoot some ducks. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。结合第六段 “...His rifle caught on the wire and he pulled at it. The air was rocked by the sound of the shot. Feeling foolish, he lifted his face...” 可知，Arnold的枪缠到了电线上，在他准备去拉枪的时候，空气被枪击的声音震动了，他觉得他真是笨; 又及第七段 “...Eugie seemed to be climbing the earth, as if the earth ran up and down, and when he found he couldn’t scale it he lay still.”可推知，Eugie的动作是中弹后的动作，他感到大地在摇晃，
原来是Arnold 无意中开枪击中了Eugie，他已经死去，静静地躺着。故答案为B。
4. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. the relationship between Arnold and Eugie was not so good. B. Arnold followed Eugie approaching the lake to steal ducks. C. they were crouching forward to steal the wheat. D. Eugie was always taking care of Arnold. 答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。结合第四段 “Eugie lowered his eyelids, ‘You’d drown before you got it, the legs of yours are so weak.’ He said contemptuously” 和后文的第六段 “Feeling foolish, he lifted his face, baring it to an expected shower of dersision from his brother.” 可知，Eugie 总是嘲笑 Arnold. 他们的关系应该不好。故A选项正确。
由第一段第一句话 “Arnold followed Eugie down the slope...”可知，B选项是文章提到的细节，无需推理。由第二段Eugie说. “If you hit your duck, you want me to go in after it ?” 可推断，他们去偷鸭子，不是麦子。由前面的分析知，Eugie 总是嘲笑 Arnold，不会照顾Arnold。综合上述分析，B、C、D均不选。
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