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at last, in the end, finally
三者均有―最后、终于‖的含义。
finally常用于动词之前,表示人们长期以来期待的某事最后实现了,也可指一系列事物或论点的顺
序。例如:
After putting it off three times,we finally managed to have a holiday in Greece.经过三次延期之后,
我们终于在希腊度了一次假。
They talked about it for hours.Finally,they decided not to go.他们谈论了几个小时,最后决定不去。
at last 有时可与finally互换,但往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后,语气更强烈。例如:
When at last they found him, he was almost dead.当人们最终找到他时,他已经奄奄一息了。
James has passed his exams at last.詹姆斯终于通过了考试。
in the end指经过许多变化、困难的捉摸不定的情况之后,某事才发生。例如:
We made five different plans for our holiday, but in the end we had a summer camp again.我们制订
了五种不同的度假方案,但最后我们还是选定了再来一次夏令营活动。
at (the) least 至少;最少。反义词组为at (the)most至多;最多。
—Mr Smith looks older than his real age.In fact,he is at (the)most 40 years old. 史密斯先生很显
老,实际上他最多40岁。
—Oh, really?I thought he was 50 years old at (the)least.噢,真的吗?我以为他至少50岁了。
at the beginning of 在……初(开头),可指时间与空间。如:
at the beginning of term 在学期开始
at the beginning of the book 在那本书的开头
at the beginning 单独用时间at first,也可说in the beginning.
比较:at the end of 在……末(尽头) at the end 在末尾处
in the end 最终,同at last in the middle of 在……中期
from beginning to end 从头至尾
at the doctor’s
该结构为介词+名词所有格,意为―在诊所‖。所有格-’s后一般接名词,如her mother’s bike ,但有时
这个名词可省略,主要表现在以下两个方面:
①指一个企业,机构,教堂,学校,医院,家庭,理发店,店铺时。如:
She is at the hairdresser’s.
②为了避免重复,省略-’s后的名词。如:
I have read some of Shaw’s plays,but none of Shakespeare’s.
at the last moment在最后关头
at the moment 此刻;正在那时 for a moment片刻;一会儿for the moment 目前,暂时in a moment
立刻,马上
at the top of在……的顶部,上方
at the top of a mountain在山顶
She is (at)the top of her class in French.
at the top of one’s voice高声地,尖声地
at war
该介宾词组意思是―处于战争或交战状态‖。在句中常作表语。如:
The U.S.A.and Iraq are at war again.
at, with, through表原因
三个介词都可表示原因,at表示听到或看到的原因;with表示人体外部的原因;through 强调自身的原因。如:be sad at the news听了这个消息而悲伤;be frightened at the sight看了那个情景而害怕;jump up with joy高兴地跳了起来;turn red with anger气得脸红;shake with cold/fear冻得/害怕得发抖;with pleasure高兴地;with pride 骄傲地;with satisfaction满意地;make the mistake through his carelessness
由于粗心而出错;be put into prison through no fault of his own 没有任何罪过被关进监狱。
[应用]汉译英
①听到这个消息,全国人民处于悲哀之中。
②孩子们高兴地跳了起来。
③由于大意他犯了这个错误。
Key:①At the news, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
②The children jumped up with joy.
③He made the mistake through his carelessness.
at work; out of work; after work
这三个以work为中心词的介词短语,在意思和用法上均不相同。
(1)at work表示―在工作、在上班‖,作表语或状语。例如:
They are both at work today.今天他们俩都在上班。
His father had an accident at work last week.上周的父亲在工作时出了事故。
(2)out of work表示―失业‖,是介词短语,相当于lost one’s job或be unemployed。例如:
If you don’t work hard, you’ll be out of work.如果你不好好工作就会失业。
You’ll be out of work if you keep coming late.如果你老是迟到,你会失业的。
(3)after work表示―下班后‖,作时间状语。例如:
What do you usually do after work?下班后你经常干什么?
I visited Mr Liu after work yesterday.昨天下班后我看望过刘先生。
attempt
(1)n.尝试;企图。
①He made an attempt to learn to ski.他尝试着学滑雪。
②He failed in attempt at climbing up the mountain.他企图爬上这座山,却失败了。
(2)vt.尝试;企图。
①She attempted to learn Japanese.她试图学习日语。
②The prisoner attempted an escape.那犯人企图逃走。
12.keep out of = keep sth.(sb.)out of不使入内;不牵涉进去。
①Warm clothing will keep the cold out.保暖的衣服可御寒。
②Keep out of their quarrels.不要参与他们争吵。
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