新的一学期又开始了,亲爱的同学们也将步入紧张而充实的初三最后一学期的生活。初三是一个神秘的名词,它又是三年学习中终期的一个代名词。人生的道路虽然很长,但关键的往往却只有几步,而初三就是这关键几步中的第一步。我们只有迈好这一步,才能顺利通往人生的顶点。同学们,初三是机遇,初三是挑战,初三这座大山就横在我们面前。为此,我们只能选择拼搏,不能后退!寒窗九载,只剩最后一搏,同学们,再加一把劲,每天进步一点点,那就是成功,只要不放弃追求,就永远不会被打败。
非谓语动词
重难点精讲
考点精讲
命题点一 动词不定式
1. 动词不定式作成分
作主语。如:
To learn math well is difficult for us. 学好数学对我们来说很困难。
作表语。如:
Her job is to do the dishes.她的工作是洗盘子。
作宾语(包括疑问词加不定式)。如:
They decided to visit the Great Lakes.他们决定参观大湖。
Could you tell me how to get to the train station?你能告诉我怎样到达火车站吗? 作宾语补足语。如:
The teacher asked us to turn off the lights. 老师让我们关掉灯。
Hard seats make customers want to eat quickly and leave.坚硬的座椅使顾客想早点吃完离开。
作定语。如:
I have a lot of books to read.我有很多书要读。
作状语。如:
To catch the train, we had to get up early. 为了赶上火车,我们不得不早起。
常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:
would like to do想要做 want to do想要做
like to do喜欢做„„ agree to do同意做„„ hope to do希望做„„ wish to do希望做„„
decide to do决定做„„ try to do尽力做„„
begin to do开始做„„ start to do开始做„„
refuse to do拒绝做„„ afford to do有能力做„„
learn to do学习做„„ plan to do计划做„„
prefer to do更喜欢做„„ continue to do继续做„„
promise to do承诺做„„ expect to do期望做„„
常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:
tell somebody to do告诉某人做„„
ask somebody to do要求某人做„„
wish somebody to do希望某人做„„
invite somebody to do邀请某人做„„
want somebody to do想要某人做„„
teach somebody to do教某人做„„
allow somebody to do允许某人做„„
force somebody to do强迫某人做„„
expect somebody to do期望某人做„„
help somebody to do帮助某人做„„
advise somebody to do建议某人做„„
persuade somebody to do劝告某人做„„
2. 动词不定式的句型
too...to... 表示“太„„而不能„„”。如:
The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小不能照顾自己。
...enough to...表示“„„足够„„”。如:
He is old enough to go to school. 他到了上学的年龄了。
Why do not you 加不带to的不定式?等于Why not 加不带to的不定式?如:
Why do not you get her a photo album? 等于Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢?
had better加(not加)不带to的不定式。如:
You had better not stay there today. 你今天最好别待在那儿。
Will you please加不带to的不定式?如:
Will you please close the door? 你能把门关上吗?
prefer to do something rather than do something “宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如: She prefers to receive a small gift that has some thought behind it rather than receive a lot of money. 她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。 动词不定式与疑问词连用可用作主语或宾语。如:
When to go to Beijing has not been decided yet. (作主语) 什么时候去北京还没定下来。
I have not decided yet when to leave. (作宾语)
我还没决定什么时候离开。
注意:“疑问词加不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如:
Can you tell me where to get the scarf?
等于Can you tell me where I can get the scarf?
你能告诉我哪里能买到这条围巾吗?
命题点二 动名词与动词不定式
1. 只能接动名词的动词(应当熟悉记忆)
enjoy doing something喜欢做某事
keep doing something不间断地做某事
suggest doing something建议做某事
look forward to doing something盼望做某事
be used to doing something习惯做某事
finish doing something做完某事
feel like doing something想要做某事
spend time doing something花费时间做某事
practice doing something练习做某事
cannot help doing something禁不住做某事
mind doing something介意做某事
2. 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词
下列动词后既可以用动名词作宾语,也可以用不定式作宾语,但表达的意思不同,应牢记它们的意思:
remember doing something记得做过某事
remember to do something记得去做某事(未做)
forget doing something忘了做某事
forget to do something忘了去做某事(未做)
stop doing something停止做某事
stop to do something停下来去做某事
need doing something需要做某事(被动含义)
need to do something需要去做某事(主动含义)
try doing something尝试做某事
try to do something尽力做某事
hear or see somebody doing something听见或看见某人正在做某事
hear or see somebody do something听见或看见某人做了某事
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