加拿大的约克大学始建于1959年，经过多年的发展，已经成为了加拿大综合规模第三大的大学，那么跟着留学群一起来了解下加拿大约克大学基本概况吧，欢迎阅读。
一、关于约克大学
Founded on principles of excellence, equality and opportunity for all, the University of York opened in 1963 with just 230 students. Since then we have become one of the world's leading universities, carving out a reputation as an academic powerhouse where a clear focus on excellence has secured national and international recognition alongside longer established institutions.To be a world leader in research.To offer outstanding teaching and learning.To offer all our students an outstanding and valuable experienceTo be sufficiently large to be excellent, resilient and financially sustainable.To be organised in the most efficient and effective way.To work effectively with other organisations and stakeholders
约克大学的创立基于卓越、平等和机会的原则，于1963年开放，最初只有230名学生。从那时起，至今我们已经成为世界领先的大学之一，并且作为一个学术强国而闻名，其中精益求精的重点已经得到国家和国际认可以及较长的成熟机构的认可。主要目标：成为研究领域的世界领先者、提供优秀的教学和学习、为我们所有的学生提供杰出和宝贵的经验、足够大，能够优秀，有弹性和经济上可持续以最有效和最有效的方式组织与其他组织和利益相关者有效合作。
二、历史沿革
Our History: The 1960s
Fresh, young, forward looking and enthusiastic, the University of York was known for its friendly atmosphere before it even opened its doors.The informal tone was endorsed by Lord James of Rusholme, the Vice-Chancellor, who rubbed shoulders with staff and students, taking his meals with everyone else in the Heslington Hall dining room.Planning and building the University happened with astonishing speed. In April 1960 the Government approved the establishment and in less than three years, on 9 October 1963, the first students walked through the gates of Heslington Hall.At the start of term, the number of academic and administrative staff numbered just 28. There were 216 undergraduates and 14 postgraduate students.Third year students could elect to live in the brand new Langwith or Derwent Colleges. Study bedrooms were furnished with plain, heavily textured fabric and hessian and light wood furniture echoing the earnest but modern atmosphere.Social lifeIn such a small population, there was much socialising between staff and students. Everyone was on first name terms, remarked Ruth Ellison, Assistant Lecturer in English, "I had no idea whether I was meeting colleagues, staff, wives or students." "The place was so small that rugby players mixed with aesthetes," said former student Neil McIntosh.In the first week of term, a welcome reception for staff and students was held by the Friends of York Art Gallery hosted by Sir Herbert Read with many of the city's great and the good present. Later in the month, a service to commemorate the inauguration of the University was held in York Minster.The King's Manor was an important social centre, and staff and students gathered in the dim caverns of the Cellar Club which, with its rough brick walls, low vaulted ceilings and coloured lights built into the floor. The blues singer T-bone Walker was among those who played there.
Early days:The community was youthful, keen and liberal-minded. Some of the young academics returned from the States, attracted by the alluring combination of old and new which York had. "The average age of the professors is only 40 and the accent is certainly on youth," commented the York and County Times.In its infancy, the University had a different flavour for each year of the first intake. During the first year all students lived in digs, bussing out to the University where Heslington Hall, the Stables and the New Building housed all the lectures, study and catering facilities.
Building the campus:In the second year, serious building work in Heslington began and English, Education, History and Philosophy were moved to the restored medieval building of the King's Manor in the City. Only the Social Sciences remained to watch the new University rise from the marshes. Students returned to Heslington in their third year to find a university 'adrift in a sea of mud'.Aspects of the architecture that we now take for granted, like the covered walkways, were innovations in the 1960s. Eyebrows were raised at the 'CLASP' buildings and the lake was criticised as being an extravagant feature - although it was actually a necessary part of the construction to allow buildings on such marshy land.On a cold, foggy northern day the crowds turned out to cheer the Queen and Prince Philip, formally greeted by the Chancellor Lord Harewood. Her Majesty was impressed by Heslington Hall but 'did not like the new colleges.'
In progress:Being a university city was a new experience for York. University Road was still under construction and the lane leading out of the village still meandered away into open countryside. Even Heslington Lane was then a rural road. To help bridge the gap between town and gown, Harry Ree, the first Professor of Educational Studies, persuaded local schools to take students as classroom assistants.In the nine years under Lord James' Vice-Chancellorship, the University was developed and built on schedule and by the end of the decade, five colleges, three laboratory-based buildings, Central Hall, the Library, the Sports Hall, Music Centre and the Jack Lyons Concert Hall had been completed.But behind the scenes Lord James was acutely anxious about money and the Government's 'stop start' attitude to funding. "The planning of the buildings let alone their erection on time, becomes almost impossible," he wrote, concerned that a preoccupation with finance would mean that we lose sight of the real aims of universities. Writing in November 1970 of the years to come, Lord James said "We shall be short of money, short of accommodation; short of staff."The 1960s ended with 2,500 undergraduate students, twelve times the original intake.
我们的历史:1960年代
纽约大学以友好的气氛而闻名，在它还没开放之前，就以友好的气氛而闻名。这一非正式的基调是由Rusholme的副校长詹姆斯Rusholme所倡导的，他与工作人员和学生们一起，他在赫斯灵顿大厅的餐厅里的其他人一起吃饭。学校的规划和建设以惊人的速度进行着。1960年4月，政府批准成立，并在不到三年的时间里，在1963年10月9日，第一批学生进入了赫斯林顿厅开始学习。学期伊始，学术和行政人员数量仅为28人。共有216名本科生和14名研究生。第三年，学生们可以选择住在新朗格学院或德戈大学。书房的卧室里装饰着朴素的、质感丰富的织物，而黑森和轻木家具则呼应了这一严肃而现代的氛围。
社会生活：在这么少的人口中，在工作人员和学生之间有很多的社交活动。每个人都是按名字命名的，英语助理讲师露丝埃里森说，我不知道我是在和同事、工作人员、妻子还是学生见面。这个地方太小了，橄榄球运动员和美学家混在一起，前学生尼尔麦可什说道。在学期的第一个星期，由赫伯特里德爵士主持的约克艺术画廊的朋友们举办了欢迎招待会并邀请了许多纽约的优秀和优秀的学生参加。在这个月的晚些时候，一项纪念该大学就职典礼的仪式在约克大教堂举行。国王的庄园是一个重要的社会中心，工作人员和学生聚集在地下室俱乐部的昏暗的洞穴里，那里有粗糙的砖墙，低矮的拱形天花板和地板上的彩灯。蓝调歌手t-bone沃克是其中的一员。
早期：这个社区年轻、热情、思想开明。一些年轻的学者从美国回来，被纽约的老旧和新诱惑所吸引。约克和郡时报评论道，教授的平均年龄只有40岁，当然是年轻人的天下。在刚开始的时候，这所大学每年都有不同的口味。在第一年所有的学生都住在学校里，在赫斯灵顿礼堂、马厩和新建筑里，所有的讲座、学习和饮食设施都是在那里。
建设校园：第二年赫斯灵顿的严肃建筑工作开始了，英语、教育、历史和哲学都被搬到了这座城市里重建的中世纪国王庄园。只有社会科学还在观察新大学从沼泽中崛起的情况。学生们在第三年回到了赫斯灵顿，发现一所大学在一片泥海中随波逐流。我们现在认为的建筑的某些方面，比如覆盖的人行道则是上世纪60年代的创新。在扣子的建筑物上，人们都把眉毛抬起来，湖水被批评为一种奢侈的特征，尽管它实际上是建筑在这片沼泽地带建造的必要部分。在一个寒冷的雾蒙蒙的北方日子，人群聚集起来为女王和菲利普亲王欢呼，这是总理哈伍德勋爵的正式问候。女王陛下给他留下了深刻的印象，但他并不喜欢这些新学院。
在进行中：作为一所大学的城市，对约克来说是一种全新的体验。大学道路仍在建设中，通向村庄的那条小路仍在向开放的乡村蜿蜒而去。就连Heslington Lane也成为了一条乡村道路。为了帮助弥合城镇和长袍之间的差距，Harry Ree是第一个教育研究教授，他说服当地的学校把学生作为课堂助理。在詹姆士爵士的副校长任期的九年里，这所大学是按照计划发展和建造的，到十年结束时，最终建造了共五所学院、三所实验室大楼、中央大厅、图书馆、体育馆、音乐中心和杰克里昂音乐厅。但在幕后，詹姆斯勋爵对资金和政府对资金的停止启动态度极度焦虑。他写道：这些建筑的规划，更不用说它们在时间上的勃起了，这几乎是不可能的。他担心，对金融的关注将意味着我们忽视了大学真正的目标。詹姆斯勋爵在1970年11月写道：我们将缺钱、缺少员工。上世纪60年代结束时，共有2500名本科生是最初招生人数的12倍。
Our History: The 1970s
The 1970s was the decade in which college social life began to blossom.Central Hall was the venue for the Who, The Kinks, Fairport Convention, John Martyn, Ian Dury and the Blockheads, Hot Chocolate, Humphrey Littleton, Acker Bilk, Paul Tortelier, Julian Bream, John Williams and others.Paul McCartney and Linda appeared one day out of the blue with their new band "Wings" and performed a concert in Goodricke College Dining Room.
我们的历史:1970年代
上世纪70年代是大学社会生活开始开花的十年。中央大厅是世界卫生组织、金克斯、费尔波特会议、John Martyn、John Martyn和John Martyn、John Martyn、John Martyn、John Martyn、John Martyn、约翰威廉姆斯等人的场所。保罗麦卡特尼和琳达带着他们的新乐队翅膀出现了一天，并在Goodricke学院餐厅表演了一场音乐会。
Our History: The 1980s
The beginning of the 1980s was not propitious for the University. It was to see the start of cuts across higher education and a fire in the Chemistry Department.Staff were exhorted to make economies including turning down their thermostats, recycling, and making telephone calls as short as possible.The close of the decade with the introduction of the mixed grant and loan scheme was to lend more importance to the 'marketing' of the University. One innovation was the introduction of Open Days – both for student recruitment and for the local community to see how the University worked.Despite the harsh economic times, a number of academic departments were introduced and others developed rapidly, reflecting societal and technological change. New buildings began to appear including Computer Science in the centre of campus, and a courtyard of buildings near Music, now home to Environment and Philosophy respectively.
Creative campus:The 1980s was the decade when some of the University's memorable sculptures were acquired.Many a "Yorkie" has fond memories of the Buddha, a gift from Elizabeth Cooper from the collection of her father, the late JB Morrell, which sits serenely now outside the Berrick Saul Building. The Dryad, by local sculptor Austin Wright, reclines alongside the yew tree topiary.In 1982, the Javanese Gamelan was purchased and has been enjoyed by music students and audiences ever since.
Campus Folklore:The Boomtown Rats played in Central Hall, making a contribution to University folklore when Bob Geldof told everyone who could not see to come to the front of the auditorium.Nearly 300 people surged to the front and danced on the orchestra pit cover, causing over £1,000-worth of damage.
History in the making:Staff from various quarters helped in setting up the now famous Jorvik Viking Museum with a dig beneath what is now the Coppergate shopping centre. As well as research contributions from the Environmental Archaeology Unit, sounds for the Museum were recorded in the new Electronic Music Studio.The University celebrated its silver Jubilee in 1988/89 with a programme of events including two concerts by Dame Janet Baker, a large reunion weekend, natural history walks, sports and a firework display.
我们的历史：1980年代
20世纪80年代初对大学来说并不有利。这是在高等教育和化学系的一场火灾的开始。该公司的员工被告诫要做一些经济方面的工作，包括关闭恒温器、回收利用以及尽可能缩短通话时间。近十年来，引入混合拨款和贷款计划，使大学的市场营销更加重要。其中一项创新是开放日的引入——既为学生招聘，也为当地社区了解大学是如何运作的。尽管经济形势严峻，但仍有许多学术部门被引进，其他一些部门迅速发展，反映出社会和技术的变化。新的建筑开始出现，包括校园中心的计算机科学，以及音乐学院附近的一处建筑，现在它们分别是环境和哲学的所在地。
创造性的校园：20世纪80年代是大学里一些值得纪念的雕塑的年代。许多约克都有对佛的美好回忆，这是伊丽莎白库珀从她父亲的收藏中得到的一份礼物，已故的JB Morrell，现在正安详地坐在贝里克索尔建筑的外面。当地的雕塑家奥斯汀赖特的干旱冰与紫杉树的topiary一起。1982年，爪哇佳美兰被音乐学生和观众所喜爱，从此被音乐学生和观众所喜爱。校园民间传说在中央大厅里，新兴的老鼠们在中央大厅里扮演了一个重要的作用，当Bob Geldof告诉所有不能看到的人来到礼堂的前面时，他对大学的民间传说做出了贡献。近300人涌向前线，在乐队的坑盖上跳舞，造成了超过1000人的损失。
创造历史：来自各个地方的工作人员帮助建立了现在著名的乔维克维京博物馆，并在现在的铜门购物中心挖掘。除了来自环境考古部门的研究贡献，博物馆的声音也被记录在新的电子音乐工作室里。该校在1988/89年庆祝了它的银禧年，其中包括由珍妮特贝克爵士举办的两场音乐会，一个大型的团聚周末，自然历史漫步，体育和烟火表演。
Our History: The 1990s
In 1990, the Vice-Chancellor, Berrick Saul, recounted to court that York had been described by a senior member of the Universities Funding Council as "a well-run university with a relatively low profile."What a difference a decade makes.By the end of the 1990s, York was dominating national league tables for research and teaching and was receiving international press coverage for achievement across the disciplines.Rapid growth,The decade was characterised by advancement and recognition. York remained a popular choice amongst prospective students growing from 4,300 to 8,500 students without compromising its high entry standards. As the Sunday Times pointed out, "elitism does not appear to be the price of excellence at York". York was one of only very few universities whose entry from state schools and colleges (around 80 per cent) was the same as the proportion of A-level students in the state system.
The introduction of official quality assessments and the proliferation of newspaper league tables saw the University's stock rocket. After years of academic advancement, York began to get the recognition it deserved. National recognition attracted additional funding and investment. Research grants rose to over £20 million per annum, and the University enjoyed one of the highest incomes per researcher in the higher education sectorA competitive market,A relationship with industry was more actively courted, and the University began to develop a more entrepreneurial side to its character. The Science Park opened in 1991 with Smith & Nephew as its first tenant. Developed to enhance links between the University and commerce, it now houses a cluster of knowledge-led businesses and is known as a key national incubator of biotech and IT start-ups.Students' approach to education paralleled the University's move closer to industry. Faced with the introduction of tuition fees and loans, students increasingly began to see their education as an investment.A York education was still attractive for its rigour and opportunity for personal development, but students were concerned with their "employability" after graduation. The graduate job market became very competitive. The University responded with new flexible courses and the "York Award", focusing on transferable skills.
我们的历史:1990年代
1990年，副校长Berrick Saul向法庭表示，约克大学的一名高级成员被描述为一所运营良好的大学，并且很低调。10年的差别是什么。到20世纪90年代末，约克大学在全国的研究和教学排行榜上占据了主导地位，并获得了国际新闻媒体对各个学科的成就的报道。快速增长，这十年的特点是进步和认可。在未来的学生中，约克仍然是一个很受欢迎的选择，从4,300名学生到8500名学生，而不影响他们的高入学标准。正如星期日泰晤士报所指出的那样，精英主义似乎并不是纽约卓越的代价。约克是为数不多的几所大学之一，从公立学校和大学(大约80%)的学生进入州立大学的比例与公立学校的优级学生的比例相同。官方的质量评估报告和报纸排名的增加，都见证了大学的股票火箭。经过多年的学术进步，约克开始得到它应得的认可。国家认可吸引了更多的资金和投资。研究经费每年增长超过2000万美元，而这所大学是高等教育领域的人均收入最高的大学之一。一个竞争激烈的市场，与工业界的关系更积极地追求，大学也开始发展更具企业家精神的一面。科学园于1991年正式开放，史密斯和侄子是第一个租户。为了加强大学与商业之间的联系，它现在有了一群知识主导的企业，被称为是生物技术和初创企业的关键国家孵化器。学生的教育方式与大学的走向更接近工业。面对学费和贷款的引入，学生们越来越多地开始把他们的教育视为一种投资。纽约的教育对其个人发展的严格性和机遇仍然很有吸引力，但学生们对毕业后的就业能力感到担忧。毕业生就业市场变得非常有竞争力。该大学以灵活的课程和约克奖作为回应，重点是可转移的技能。
Our History: The 2000s
The new Millennium saw a sea-change in the way that Britain viewed higher education.Unprecedented student numbers in universities and strong investment, was coupled with increasing regulation, compliance issues and requirements to demonstrate societal and economic impact.Student debt, quality assurance, Freedom of Information and public scrutiny changed the way in which both academic departments and central support for the University’s mission operated.Upgrades,Technology also moved fast, with "YorkWeb" becoming a major marketing tool, the introduction of a Virtual Learning Environment, and new ways of communicating with students and stakeholders through SMS, Facebook and on-campus electronic screens. We installed wi-fi across campus, video-conferencing and a range of online services.Campus became more sophisticated, with en-suite accommodation, significantly upgraded catering, shops and better-equipped offices, teaching facilities and laboratories.In response to government prompting on interacting with the community, hundreds of students volunteered for York Students in Schools and Millennium Volunteers. The University became heavily involved in significant partnerships for a variety of projects - Science City York with the Council; Higher York with York's colleges; the Hull York Medical School with the University of Hull. The science park thrived.The two major policy initiatives for York in this time were the concerted effort to "internationalise" the University and its work, and the establishment of the extended campus at what became known as Heslington East.Internationally, we were founder members of the Worldwide Universities Network, a group of 19 research universities spread across the globe, which has tackled a range of ‘global challenges’ with its huge network of expertise. Strong relationships were developed with universities in China and the US, and we established The University of York in America. Our recruitment of international students rose rapidly, and York students began to participate in Study Abroad schemes.Heslington EastThe planning for Heslington East began in earnest in 2002 with the arrival of Brian Cantor as Vice-Chancellor. It took years of master-planning, liaison with interest groups, negotiations with land-owners and local communities, an 8-hour city planning meeting and a Public Inquiry to achieve the purchase of land and complex planning permissions for a site equal to the size of the original Heslington West campus. In 2009, the new Goodricke College opened as the first building on Heslington East.At the time of the 40th anniversary in 2003, we wrote about Heslington East: "it will be everything that the designers of the original campus hoped for - integrated, landscaped and traffic-free, with a large expanse of water, and a very eager populace."
我们的历史:2000年代
新千年见证了英国对高等教育的看法发生了翻天覆地的变化。史无前例的大学学生数量和强劲的投资加上越来越多的监管、合规问题和要求，以证明社会和经济的影响。学生债务、质量保证、信息自由和公众监督，改变了学校的学术部门和中央对大学使命的支持方式。科技也迅速发展，约克网络成为主要的营销工具，虚拟学习环境的引入以及通过短信、Facebook和校园电子屏幕向学生和利益相关者传达信息的新方式。我们在校园、视频会议和一系列在线服务上安装了无线网络。校园变得更加复杂，配备了配套的住宿设施，显著提升了餐饮、商店和装备更好的办公室、教学设施和实验室。一个本地和全球的社区，纽约的学生在学校，为了响应政府与社区的互动，数百名学生自愿在学校和千禧志愿者中为约克学生提供志愿服务。这所大学在许多项目上都投入了大量的合作，科学城市约克和理事会、纽约和约克大学、赫尔大学与赫尔大学的医学院，科学公园蓬勃发展。当时，纽约的两项主要政策举措是共同努力使大学及其工作国际化，并在后来被称为赫斯顿东的地区建立了扩展的校园。在国际上，我们是全球大学网络的创始人，这是一群遍布全球的19所研究型大学，通过其庞大的专业网络，解决了一系列全球性挑战。与中国和美国的大学建立了牢固的关系，我们在美国建立了约克大学。我们招收国际学生的人数迅速增加，约克大学的学生也开始参与到海外留学计划中来。2002年，随着布莱恩坎托担任副总理，他在东赫灵顿的计划正式开始。它花费了数年的总体规划、与利益集团的联络、与土地所有者和当地社区的谈判、8小时的城市规划会议以及公众的调查，以获得土地和复杂的规划许可，而这个地点与最初的赫斯灵顿西部校区的规模相当。2009年，新成立的Goodricke学院在赫斯灵顿东部开设了第一栋建筑。在2003年40周年的时候，我们写了关于赫斯顿东的报道:这将是最初校园设计师们所希望的一切——综合、景观和交通，拥有大量的水，以及非常渴望的民众。