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2021考研英语：语法长难句的表达解析(73)
The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.
一、分析
这句话结构的进步点是and，and后面是一个简单的主系表结构，前面比较复杂。the "shareholders"主语， as such作为修饰， had no knowledge of是谓语部分， the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen是宾语，employed by the company引导分词结构做后置定语，修饰前面的workmen， in which he held shares是定语从句修饰前面的company。
二、词汇
shareholder股东
as such这样的
have no knowledge of 对…不了解不知道
三、译文
这样的"股东"对他拥有股份的公司所雇用的工人们的生活、思想和需求一无所知，而且他们对劳资双方的关系不会产生积极的影响。
2021考研英语：语法长难句的表达解析(72)
The education should be designed to take us beyond the campus to a life of ongoing, pragmatic learning that finds inspiration in unexpected sources, and increases our capacity to understand and contribute to the world &mdash and reshape it, and ourselves, in the process.
词汇进步：ongoing 持续的
pragmatic 实用的
reshape 重塑
长难句解析
主干：
it should be designed to take us beyond the campus to a life.
其他成份：
of ongoing, pragmatic learning 定语
that finds inspiration in unexpected sources, and increases our capacity to understand and contribute to the world &mdash and reshape it, and ourselves, in the process. 定语从句
并列动词：finds and increase
understand and contribute and reshape 并列动词
注意：逗号和破折号的用法其实是很自由的，作者很多时候为了强调一些词和短语，尤其是在并列的时候，多加一个逗号或破折号没有什么值得奇怪的，也没有太多规律可讲，所以不用纠结。
参考译文：素质教育的宗旨应当是引导我们超越校园，走向一种持续和务实的学习生活，这种学习能让我们从未知的资源中找到灵感，并增强理解世界和为世界做贡献的能力，并在这一过程中重塑这个世界和我们自己。
2021考研英语：语法长难句的表达解析(71)
His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.
一、分析
逗号之间是插入语，主语是his colleague，谓语say后面是宾语从句，far too many companies是主语， have applied是谓语， re-engineering是宾语， in a mechanistic fashion是状语，后面chopping引导分词结构做状语。
二、词汇
apply vt.应用 vi.申请 (for)
in a … fashion 以 ….方式
chop out削减 = cut down
sufficient a.充分的
give thought to 考虑
long-term长期的
一、译文
他的同事迈克尔.比尔说，有太多的公司采用机械的方式实行重组，没有充分考虑长期赢利能力的情况下削减成本。
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