中考英语易错题(3)
湖北省宜昌市第五中学 葛 林
1. and
[误] He did not speak loudly and clearly.
[正] He did not speak loudly nor clearly.
[误] Our school is not in New York and Chicago, but in Boston.
[正] Our school is not in New York or Chicago, but in Boston.
[析] “和”这一概念在肯定句中应用and，但在否定句中则要用or
2. angry
[误] My mother was angry to me.
[正] My mother was angry with me.
[误] He was angry with what I said.
[正] He was angry at what I said.
[析] 要注意be angry后面如果接人，表示“对某人生气不满”时应用be angry with somebody. 但要接事物时要用be angry at something.
3. another
[误] I have two sisters, one in America and another in English.
[正] I have two sisters, one in America and the other in English.
[析] 要注意英语中another, other, the other, the others, others的不同用法，现分别说明如下：another作形容词其意为：泛指的另一个或再一个，别的，类似的。一般在句中作定语，如：This is not good enough, please show me another one. another还可以作为代词用，如：One student said："I want to play baseball." Another said: "I want to play football." other作形容词其意为“泛指其余的，别的”。如：I have other books besides these. 又如：Ask some other people please. the other则为特指，作形容词时其后面可接单数或复数名词，如：She has two flowers. One is white, the other one is yellow.(特指，单数)又如：There are fifty students in our class, twenty five are boys, the other students are girls.(特指，复数)但当the other作为代词时，它代表的可以是单数，也可以是复数，如：He has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. (单数)又如：There are some people in the room. Four are girls, the other(复数)are boys. 要注意的是当the other作主语时，其后面的谓语动词要视具体情况而定，它可能是单数，也可能是复数。others则只能作代词，其意为other ones即为：泛指某些，某一部分人或物，如：Each of us must think of others. 而the others只能作为代词，它是特指某一些人或物，如：I know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me.
4. answer
[误] Someone is knocking at the door. Please reply the door bell.
[正] Someone is knocking at the door, Please answer the door bell.
[析] answer与reply是近义词，作为及物动词用时有时二者是可以互换的，如：The student answered / replied that he wanted to watch TV. 但在某些特定场合则不易互换。作为应答之意时则多用answer，如：You should answer to your name. Please answer my letter as soon as possible. Answer my question in English.
5. any
[误] Do you have some questions?
[正] Do you have any questions?
[析] some一般要用于肯定句，而any则用于否定句或疑问句。
[误] China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
[正] China is larger than any other country in Asia.
[析] 要注意any other 其后要跟单数名词，但any of the other 其后要接复数名词。China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.
[误] Here are some books; you can choose anyone of these.
[正] Here are some books; you can choose any one of these.
[析] anyone只能指人，而any one即可指人也可以指物。
6. around
[误] The nine planets go around of the sun.
[正] The nine planets go around the sun.
[析] around后面不要再加介词，如：The sun shines all around us.
around round
作介词用的around与round通常可以互换，只不过美语常用around，而英语常用round，例如：You can see the post office round / around that corner. 绕过那个弯你就可以看到邮局。但是一定要区别它们的不同之处：round可以用作形容词、副词、介词、动词、名词;而around只能用作副词或介词。例如：The post office is just round (around) the house.(用作介词)He has round face.(用作形容词)The river rounded the stones.(用作动词)
7. arrive
[误] I arrived Beijing the day before yesterday.
[正] I arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday.
[正] I reached Beijing the day before yesterday.
[误] He arrived in the school at 11∶00.
[正] He arrived at the school at 11∶00.
[析] arrive为不及物动词，当到达的是较大的地理区域时用介词in，而到达较小的地方时则用at, 如：arrive in New York, arrive at the village.
arrive, reach, get
arrive如上所述是不及物动词，而reach则是及物动词。如：How did you reach the school this morning? 而get可用作不及物动词，作“到达”讲时其后面多与to连用。如：When did you get to New York?
8. as
[误] This man works in the bank for a manager.
[正] This man works in the bank as a manager.
[析] as与for有时是可以通用的。如：This room is used as (for) a classroom. 但是用来指官衔、职位时只能用as.
[误] My brother is so taller as Tom.
[正] My brother is as tall as Tom.
[析] as ... as之间只能用形容词与副词的原级，而不能用比较级。在否定句中可以用so ... as，也可以用as ... as，但在肯定句中只能用as ... as，如：He is not so tall as Tom.
[误] I'll give him the note as soon as he will come.
[正] I'll give him the note as soon as he comes.
[析] as soon as所引导的状语从句中应使用一般时态表示将来。
9. ask
[误] The student asked a question to the teacher.
[正] The student asked the teacher a question.
[析] ask应接双宾语，即ask somebody something.
[误] They asked some books.
[正] They asked for some books.
[析]向某人要求某物时应用ask somebody for something或ask for something from somebody, 如：He asked his mother for some money. 或He asked for some money from his mother.
10. asleep
[误] He is deeply asleep.
[正] He is fast asleep.
[析]要讲“熟睡”，就要用fast来修饰asleep。另外，在英语中一般不讲somebody is sleeping而要用asleep。关于睡觉这一词的惯用法还有：go to sleep(如：The old man usually goes to sleep at ten.)，fall asleep(如：I fell asleep at English class yesterday.)
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