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2020考研英语语法:介词词汇解析
介词
介词是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词,它不能单独作句子成分,后接名词、代词等作其宾语。
一、介词搭配
介词常与名词、动词、形容词等搭配。
(一)与名词搭配
如:
in deficit (赤字,逆差)
approach to (……的方法)
in the wake of (紧紧跟随,随着……而来)
from scratch (从零开始)
例句: China also signed a longterm trade agreement with the EEC in 1978 while trade with the USA has increased rapidly in the wake of the normalization of diplomatic relations at the beginning of 1979.
分析: 该句是并列句。
译文: 1978年中国还与欧洲经济共同体签署了长期贸易协议随着1979年初与美国外交关系正常化的到来,中国与美国的贸易也迅速增长。
(二)与动词搭配
如:
move along (沿着)
bustle about (匆忙)
buoy up (上升)
rein in (抑制)
pass down (使流传)
例句: The decline was partly caused by Indias reining in of its budget deficit and the shortterm effects of the implementation of strong emergency stabilization measures.
分析: 该句是简单句。
译文: 衰退的部分原因是印度抑制其预算赤字及推行强有力的紧急稳定措施的短期效果。
例句: Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a fathers line or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only from mothers. (选自2009年Text 2)
分析: 该句是复合句,句子主干是most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either...or...引导的并列短语作a single lineage的同位语,which is passed down only from mothers是一个...
词汇的积累是托福考试中最基础也是最重要的一部分,为了帮助考生们更加有效的备考托福,留学群托福考试栏目为大家提供“托福考试常见的介词词汇”,希望考生们能有所收获。想了解更多关于托福考试的讯息,请继续关注我们留学群托福考试栏目。
一、带-ing词尾的介词 barring:except,not including除……外
concerning:about,regarding论及,关于
excepting=except
failing:in default of因缺少……;在缺少……时
following:after in time;as a sequel to在……以后
including:if we include如果包括我;……包括在内
pending:during/until在……期间/直到……为止
regarding:about,concerning,in respect of
二、成语介词
according tas stated by/ in proportion根据……/依照……
ahead of:further forward in space or time sb/sth; ealier tan sb/sth; further advanced than sb/sth
along with:in addition to;together with另外,加之,还有
apart from:exceping,not considering; in addition to除……外/且莫说;除……之外尚有
as for:with regard to至于
as from:on and after(a specified time)从一特定时间开始
as of=as from
as regards:about,concerning至于,就……而论
as twith regard to关于,至于
because of:on account of,by reason
but for:without the help or hindrane etc.of假如没有……(帮助或障碍等);要不是
by means of凭借……的方法
due tbecause of由于
except for:not including,other than除了
in accordance with:in conformity to一致;依据
in front of:ahead of ,in the presence of在前面;当着……的面
in place of:in exchange for,instead of作为……的交换
in spite of:notwithstanding不管,不顾
instead of:in place of
in view of:considering由于,...
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托福阅读介词汇总
一、带-ing词尾的介词
barring:except,not including除....外
concerning:about,regarding论及,关于
excepting=except
failing:in default of因缺少...;在缺少。..时
following:after in time;as a sequel to在....以后
including:if we include如果包括我;......包括在内
pending:during/until在.....期间/直到.....为止
regarding:about,concerning,in respect of
二、成语介词
according tas stated by/ in proportion根据...../依照.....
ahead of:further forward in space or time sb/sth; ealier tan sb/sth; further advanced than sb/sth
along with:in addition to;together with另外,加之,还有
APart from:exceping,not considering; in addition to除.....外/且莫说;除....之外尚有
as for:with regard to至于
as from:on and after(a specified time)从一特定时 间开始
as of=as from
as regards:about,concerning至于,就。..而论
as twith regard to关于,至于
because of:on account of,by reason
but for:without the help or hindrane etc.of假如没有....(帮助或障碍等);要不是
by means of凭借......的方法
due to,because of由于
except for:not including,other than除了
托福词汇栏目推荐阅读:
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介词
【2013北京】26. I have an appointment Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.
A. to B. off
1【答案】C C. with D. from
【解析】考查介词。短语为have an appointment with sb,意为与某人预约、约会。
【2013福建】29. Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always ______ whenever she tries to.
A. in the way B. on watch C. in sight D. on the line
2【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语。A项“挡道,妨碍”,B项“值班,监视”,C项“在视线中,被看见”,D项“在线上”。根据句意:史密斯太太发现想收拾一下那些乱七八糟的东西有困难,因为每当她想要做的时候她的那些孩子总是妨碍她。故答案选A。
【2013湖北】30. An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered
______ a long lost antique Greek vase.
A. at random B. by chance C. in turn D. on occasion
3【答案】B
【解析】考查介词+名词短语辨析。此处表示“偶然发现了一个遗失多年的古希腊花瓶”,故选B。
【2013江苏】26. I am always delighted when I receive an email from you. the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend .
A. On account of B. In response to C. In view of D. With regard to
4【答案】D
【解析】考查介词短语。A项“因为,由于”,B项“对…做出反应”,C项“由于,鉴于”,D项“就…而言,关于”。根据句意,说到7月1号的聚会,我会非常高兴地参加,选D。
【2013辽宁】25. ______ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
A. By means of B. On behalf of C. In search of D. For fear of
5【答案】B
【解析】考查介词短语。A项“通过…方式”;B项“...
12-27
雅思写作技巧的掌握情况是导致大家能不能拿到高分的重要因素,词汇应用语序不准确常常会造成一些中式英语文章,这样容易让考官对句意理解产生分歧,以下是雅思写作技巧之词汇的应用。
雅思写作高分的取得并不是一件容易的事,大家需要掌握一定的写作技巧,词汇的应用就是最基础的。
词汇语序不准确是导致大家不能拿到雅思写作高分的重要因素。
因为中文和英文的叙述方式的不同,词汇的搭配顺序也有很大的区别,所以在雅思写作中,常常会造成一些中式英语的文章,也就是说会写一些完全按照中文语序逐字翻译的错句。这样的语言表达会给考官阅读带来困难,会对句意理解出现分歧,如此一来,当然会大大影响作文的得分。
例如:“竞争合作意识”应当被翻成“the sense of competition and cooperation”。
许多考生在情急之下,往往会翻成“competition and cooperation sense”
这样的表达一旦出现比例较高,便会给考官造成语言不地道的感觉,也就难以取得雅思写作高分。想要掌握正确的词汇的表达顺序这个雅思写作技巧,大家需要在备考雅思写作的过程中接触更多的英语读物,形成英语写作的思维。
书写上存在简写或缩写也是倒是大家不能拿到雅思写作高分的因素。
很多考生在备考雅思写作考试的时候,不能区分口语用词和书面用词的区别,以至于把一些不用在书面表达的方式用在了写作上。口语与写作的最大区别便是口语较随意,而写作比较严谨。为了凸显作文的书面感,建议考生应尽量避免明显的或者大量的简写和缩写形式。一来可以让卷面看起来更加清爽,二来也可以给考官留下认真严谨的好印象。
典型的易写缩写的表达有:
It‘s 应该写成it is
What‘s more应该写成what is more,
Can‘t应该写成cannot
以上即是雅思写作技巧之词汇应用的介绍,同学们在复习备考雅思考试的过程中,决不能放松对词汇的学习,万丈高楼平地起,只有精确熟练的掌握雅思写作技巧词汇的应用,才可能在雅思考试的道路上跑的更快!
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