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2021考研英语:长难句翻译语法解读

 

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  2021考研英语:长难句翻译语法解读

  1、把握句子的整体结构,找出句子的中心内容:

  例句1 The principle of laser is that the atoms of a crystal like the ruby crystal can be excited by strong light and can then store this light, amplify it and emit an immensely powerful beam.

  【句子分析】这个句子的主干部分是The principle of laser is that...,引导的一个表语从句,句子中的主语部分是The principle of laser, 表语从句中由四个谓语相并列构成。分别是the atoms of a crystal can be excited by strong light, can then store this light, amplify it, emit an immensely powerful beam.。弄清楚了句子的基本内容,翻译起来就好办了。

  【翻译】激光的原理是:有些晶体(如红宝石)的原子可以受强光激发,然后把这些光储存起来,再加以放大,并射出功率强大的光束。

  2、找出句子中所的谓语结构,非谓语动词,介词短语和从句的从属连词。

  例句2 Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

  【句子分析】例句中有五个谓语动词,其谓语动词依次为suggest,is raised,are,develop,experience,这五个谓语结构之间的关系为Behaviorists suggest that+clause结构是主句who is raised in an environment,where there are many stimuli,which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses是定语从句,其所修饰的先行词分别是“child” “environment”和“stimuli”。从句中表达的主要内容是the child will experience greater intellectual development。

  需要注意的是,汉语注重重复原则,所以定语从句修饰的内容部分需要再次表达出来,比如在这句话中,which修饰stimuli,那么which在翻译成汉语的过程中就要把stimuli再次翻译出来。就是“儿童的成长环境里又有许多刺进因素,这些因素...”。

  【翻译】行为主义者...