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08-17
时间过得很快，剩下的备考时间不多了，下面由留学群小编为你精心准备了“2021考研英语被动语态的翻译”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯！
2021考研英语被动语态的翻译
汉语中的被动句不占优势。英文中大部分的被动句都可以译为汉语的主动句，只有在强调被动意义时才使用被动句。但是在汉语的主动句中，有的在逻辑上是被动句，如：＂文章写完了＂。在这样的句子中，主语不是谓语的动作施行者，而是承受者。汉译时应该灵活采取相应的形式。此外，汉语本身特有一些表示被动的语言手段可以加以利用。为了使译文符合汉语习惯，翻译被动句时，常常可以用以下几种方法：
（1）被动句的主语仍译为主动句的主语。
The car was severely damaged beyond any means of repair while the driver was safe and sound.
译文：汽车损坏严重，已无法修理，而驾车者却安然无恙。
The discovery is highly appreciated in the circle of science.
译文：此项发现得到科学界的高度评价。（或：科学界对此项发现给予高度评价。）
（2）将被动句译成主动句，有时外加泛指人称代词＂人们＂，＂有人＂，＂大家＂，＂我们＂做主语。
Rubber is found to be a good isolating material.
译文：人们发现，橡胶是一种良好的绝缘材料。
The area has been marked out for building more hotels.
译文：人们划出这块地区用于建造更多的旅店。
（3）把by 后动作的执行者做主语，英文原句中的主语做宾语。
The result of the invention of the steam engine was that human power was replaced by mechanical power.
译文：蒸汽机发明的结果是机械力代替了人力。
What measures have been or are being adopted by the government to reduce air pollution？
译文：政府已经采取或正在采取哪些措施去降低空气的污染程度呢？
（4）译成汉语中的无主句。
若根据上下文或特定情景，对行为主体一目了然，或者出于礼貌和婉转起见，可以采用这种译法。
The amount of carbon monoxide that an engine gives off can be reduced by special devices designed to make the engine burn the fuel more efficiently.
译文：使发动机更有效地燃烧燃料而设计的特殊装...
考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由留学群小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：被动语态的译法”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!
2020考研英语：被动语态的译法
被动态译法
1. Wood could be used to produce many kinds of furniture.
木材可以用来制造各种家具。
2. These computers emit a great deal of heat, so the data centers need to be well air-conditioned.
这些电脑释放出大量的热，因此数据中心需要处于良好的温度状态。
3. Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.
达尔文相信，这些品味的失去不仅是快乐的丧失，还可能损害才智，更有可能造成道德品质的败坏。
4. We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education.
这因此使得我们能从迄今一直在考虑的广泛教育过程中，区分出一种更加正式的教育形式。
5. The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s.
该模式是政治科学家安德鲁·哈克在20世纪70年代后期所观察到的。
6. This year, it was proposed that system be changed.
今年有人提议改变这一体制。
7. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter.
一位男子来到天堂，有圣皮特带领他参观。
8. Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone.
我们几乎所有重大问题都牵涉到人类行为，仅过物理学和生物学技术是难以解决的。
9. Having endured a painful period of “unsustainability” in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expresse...
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