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1. The author’s implicit claim that incinerators are economically advantageous to landfills is poorly supported.
2. Consequently, unless the author can demonstrate that the city will incur expenses that are not covered by the increased revenues from these projects, the author’s concern about these issues is unfounded.
3. First of all, while asserting that real incomes are rising, the author provides no evidence to support this assertion.
4. Moreover, the author fails to consider and rule out other factors that might account for proportional decreases in spending on food.
5. The author’s conclusion that switching to incineration would be more salutary for public health would be seriously undermined.
6. The author assumes that physical capabilities are the only attributes necessary to operate a motor vehicle.
7. Moreover, the author provides no evidence that the realism of color photography is the reason for its predominance.
8. This assumption presents a false dilemma, since the two media are not necessarily mutually exclusive alternatives.
9. Common sense tells us that a photographer can succeed by working in both media.11. The major problem with the argument is that the stated similarities between Company A and B are insufficient to support the conclusion that Company A will suffer a fate similar to Company B...
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GRE写作ISSUE作文开头段经典模板分享
GRE ISSUE作文的开头方式比较常见的有这四种:直接陈述观点+概述理由;比较双方观点,阐明自己观点;背景开头+立场;提问+立场。下面我们逐一来看一下四种方式的具体例子。
第一种:直接陈述观点+概述理由
I agree with the speaker's broad assertion that money spent on research is generally well invested. However, the speaker unnecessarily extends this broad assertion to embrace research whose results are "controversial," while ignoring certain compelling reasons why some types of research might be unjustifiable. My points of contention with the speaker involve the fundamental objectives and nature of research, as discussed below.
例文中先支持原文观点:把钱话在研究上是很好的投资;然后转折:结果有争议的研究可以不包含在投资范围的;最后,引出下文要论述的理由。
第二种:比较双方观点,阐明自己观点
There is much debate over the universal issues whether or not tradition and modernization are incompatible. Some people may claim that they necessarily conflict with each other, while others argue that the two are not mutually exclusive. Insofar as I can think, the best way is to coordinate them and exert their own advantages for contemporary society.
第一句改写题目,第二句比较两种立场,第三句提出自己的观点。这种开头比较简单易学,也是同学们比较常用的开头方式,需要注意的是在点明自己的观点的时候,最好把下文中要进行分层论证的关键词结合到句子里面,比如上述例子中的coordinate ;exert their own advantages,可以起到引领下文,令文章结构严谨的作用。
第三种:背景开头+立场
Explosive development of science and technology has been made during the past one hundred ye...
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GRE作文开头经典模板
In this analysis, the arguer claims that …should …To substantiate the conclusion, the arguer cites the example of …where …In addition, the arguer assumes that …This argument is unconvincing for several critical flaws。
GRE作文经典模板正文:
For instance …since …what’s more …etc。
and how well it represented the public opinions。.
The sample of the survey is not representative。
(样本太小)
the sample is too small to.。.
(光数字没比例)
the ratio of four to six
there is only figures but no proportion of the survey 还是ratio?
Insufficient Sample
If the [respondents] only stand for a tiny proportion of the whole [group], we should not be so sure about the conclusion that [the whole group…]
The arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization。
It was only carried out in Sun City, but the arguer applies its result to all the company’s markets while doesn’t show us whether Sun City is a representative market of the whole markets。
有的病人会对抗生素过敏
the arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization. Even if the maintenance of the airline has been improved as a result of sending its mechanics to the Seminar, which is, of course, an unwarranted assumption, it does not follow t...
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1、国际化、全球化
国际化只是把人与集体的关系放到了原始蒙昧社会了而已。在无政府的状态下,丛林法则永远是唯一的法则,只不过,有人可以理性的使用自己的拳头而已。
International arena is a jungle, in which just afew countries use their fists with rationality andmaneuvers。
2、感性与理性、教育、事实与抽象感念
认知始于感性最终上升成为理性。感性转瞬即逝如白驹过隙;理性永垂不朽如寒夜亮星。
Awareness originates from emotionality and finally transcends to rationality. So transientis emotionality that it bears the resemblance of a fast white horse fleeting over a gap, and soeternal is rationality, of a bright star hanging over the dark night。
3、教育、传统、人文
人性,只能通过教育去激发。 天使要读圣经,魔鬼则是没有读过圣经的天使。
To educate is to be humane. Angels are angels, for they read the bible; demons are thoseangels who do not read bibles。
4、偶然与必然、过程与结果、创新的力量、科学的本质
偶然性存在于人的无知,必然性是宇宙的博大。人尝试洞悉宇宙的必然性,是科学的发端。
Coincidence comes from ignorance. Destiny, from universe. The beginning of science ishuman’s attempt to see the destiny。
5、艺术与大众
理解意味着身份的认同,而身份未必需要他人认同。
Understanding is based on identity recognition, which, however, is not always a must。
6、媒体、历史、政治
媒体和历史,都是用反抗的面貌来充当政治的婢女。
Media and history, appeared to be discontented, are the chambermaid of politics。
7、选择、人民与政治自由
...
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1. The arguer employs two lines of reasoning to reach this conclusion.
2. To support this claim, the editorial cites statistics indicating that…
3. As it stands, this argument suffers from three critical flaws.
4. In this argument, the planning department of an investment firm reaches the conclusion that…
5. The basis for this recommendation is the expectation that…
6. While this argument has some merit, there are a few assumptions that deserve attention.
7. The example cited, while suggestive of these trends, is insufficient to warrant their truth because there is no reason to believe that the data drawn from…is representative of …
8. To begin with, this argument depends on the assumption that…
9. Not only does the arguer fail to…, he also fails to…
10. However, while the poll establishes a correlation between…and…, and also indicates a correlation, though less significantly, between…and…, it does not establish a general causal relationship between…
11. The fact that…does not necessarily imply that…
12. Factors such as…all have some bearing on…
13. Economy, as we know, is influenced by the combination of a host of factors, local, national and international, political, social, and technological.
14. But we are told nothing about the way the poll was conducted a...
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一.重复主题式结尾
结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上,达到强调的效果。
如“I Love My Home Town”(我爱家乡)的结尾:
I love my home town,and I love its people. They too have changed. They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland.
二.自然结尾
随着文章的结束,文章自然而然地结尾,这种方法常见于描写文和记述文。
如“Fishing”(钓鱼)的结尾:
I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours,but my brother caught many more. Tired from fishing,we lay down on the river bank,bathing in the sun. We returned home very late.
三.含蓄性结尾
用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法,而是让读者自己去领会和思考。
如“A Day of Harvesting”(收割的日子)的结尾:
Evening came before we realized it. We put down our sickles and looked at each other. Our clothes were wet with sweat,but on every face there was a smile.
四.首尾呼应,画龙点睛
在文章的结尾,把含义较深的话放在末尾,以点明主题,深化主题,起到画龙点睛的效果。
如“I Cannot Forget Her” (我忘不了她)的结尾:
After her death,I felt as if something were missing in my life. I was sad over her passing away,but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.
五.指明方向,激励读者
结尾表示对将来的展望,或期待读者投入行动。
如“Let’s Go in for Sports”(让我们参加体育运动)的结尾:
As we have said above,sports can be of great value. They not only make people live happily but also help people t...
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GRE写作结尾段3大注意事项
从结尾段的作用来看,结尾段内容对于文章的整体质量有很重要的影响,其写作不能随心所欲,需要按照一定的写作标准来进行,不然很容易适得其反。GRE写作结尾段注意事项包括以下几个方面:
1. 总结型结尾
总结升华类的结尾段,一般使用“in conclusion ,to sum up, in brief”等词汇来进行概括总结。
2. 建议型结尾
建议及提出展望类的结尾段,一般使用虚拟语气,例如,Obviously,it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem,来增加文章写作氛围。
3. 结尾段字数
结尾字数不要刻意堆砌,只需要点出文章主题即可。切忌洋洋洒洒使得结尾冗长又啰嗦,这样反而会弄巧成拙,不利于写作获得高分。
GRE写作经典结尾例句
1. ISSUE经典结尾
ISSUE的结尾段最大的作用就是起到结构完整的作用,由于时间的紧迫性,不需要在额外添加新的观点。
1)总结升华例句的方法:To sum up, given the reasons mentioned above, we may safely come to the conclusion that…. not only because…, but also because…, but it depends on...
2)重申立场强调论点的方法:In sum, I concede that….Nonetheless, to some extent…, the speaker's claim overrates/underrates the importance of sth…. In the final analysis, the optimal approach, in my view, is a balanced one that ….
2.Argument经典结尾
Argument结尾跟issue不一样,不需要升华主题,只需要从对作者错误改进方面着手。
1)结论不完善,需要增添其他方向:Finally, the argument fails to consider …(有更好的办法实现目标). Perhaps by…(办法一),or by (办法二), (对目标进行展望) In short, without weighing the suggestion against alternatives, it is unconvincing that (说明提供的方案不好)。
2.叙述题干中的两种逻辑错误:The memo also makes two hasty assumptions about …(说明两个猜想相关的内容). One such assumption is that …(第一个猜想的情况说明).。It is entirely possible that …(反例). Another assumption is that...
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什么是GRE高分句式?
所谓高分句式,就是指在GRE写作考试中,能够帮助考生取得较高评价和分数的常用经典句式。GRE考试举办以来,每次考试都会涌现出一些优秀的精彩作文,而经过GRE老师和考生的总结整理,就会发现在这些优秀作文中经常会出现一些特定的句式,而这些句式便被称为高分句式。
如何运用GRE高分句式?
1. 首先要找到一份合适的整理资料,高分句式的总结整理资料到处都有,其实考试中并没有机会用到太多,在资料的准备上面宜精不宜多,每个句式如果有搭配的文章进行解析则会有助于理解和记忆,比较推荐这类资料。
2. 找到好资料还要学会正确的使用。背诵是第一步,不要只背句式,最好结合自己的实际使用习惯去记忆,只有适合自己的才是最好的,在实际使用时同样如此,不要生搬硬套,把高分句式强行塞到作文里面,这样堆砌的痕迹太重反而影响作文质量。要在理解的基础上把高分句式转化为适合自己写作习惯的表达方式,完美的融入自己的行文中。
使用GRE高分句式有哪些好处?
1. 合理使用高分句式,会让你的文章更有层次感,更加饱满,文章转承起合显得自然流畅,大大加强阅读性,从而提高考(精品课)官对你的评价,获得更高的分数。
2. 熟练使用高分句式,能为你节省大量的写作时间,熟练自如的运用,让你有更多时间构思文章的论述和结构,而不用在写作本身上花费太多时间。
新GRE常用高分句式推荐
1. The fact that…does not necessarily imply that…
2. Factors such as…all have some bearing on…
3. Economy, as we know, is influenced by the combination of a host of factors, local, national and international, political, social, and technological.
4. But we are told nothing about the way the poll was conducted and how well it represented…
5. But the problem is that the two situations are not similar enough to justify the analogical deduction.
6. According to…, but there is no evidence whatsoever to show…
7. The argument provides no direct information as to the degree to which…
8. There is no evidence wh...
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GRE写作加分黄金句式模版
1、使用否定的时候,比如:什么什么对个人不好,对社会也不好。为什么不来个倒装?Never/neither/nor/seldom/rarely/on no account + is…
2、当你想表达“如果怎么怎么样,就是另外一种情况”—虚拟语气。为什么不来个虚拟倒装?Were(Had) it…,something would....
3、强调句的使用:It is people who…/ it is something that…
4、让步句式的使用:“无论什么样的情况下”However[No matter how] whatever[no matter what]等等…
还有一种Cogent as this response is, it has some minor errors. Somewhat reasonable as the issue presents, it does not experience a case-by- case examination
还有比较常用的although... It should be admittedly that…,however it does not follow that/
5、疑问句。用于开头,来个设问句,在自问自答,提出自己观点;用于段中,比如举设想的例子:Can you imagine that…?/ How can one imagine…?
6、定语从句(这个大家一般用的比较熟练,但是注意不要太罗嗦…society where(in which)…,/ something on which we depend (on which…based)
7、The more…the more…句式的使用。人们越幸福,社会越稳定啦、等等。
8、Not only…but also的使用。很好用的,ETS经典的6分范文:专才VS通才不就用了两个嘛?
9、without的使用。从反面说,很是能够增加字数。还是那篇范文的结尾,就来了两个非常妙的without
10、还有一些比较常用的:There is no denying that…/ there is no doubt that…
11、还有imong的一个句子:So powerful the scandal is that Watergate became the talk of the world…如此……以至于……
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