留学群虚拟语气语法

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2021年考研英语:虚拟语气语法复习指示

 

  考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了,看看哪些是该注意的,下面由留学群小编为你精心准备了“2021年考研英语:虚拟语气语法复习指示”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!

  2021年考研英语:虚拟语气语法复习指示

  一、主从句谓语动词的时态

  (1)掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配:

  主句 从句

  与现在事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do were (不分人称)/did

  与过去事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+have done had done

  与将来事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do should do

  如:

  If the doctor had been available, the child could not have died.

  There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, should there be a sudden loud noise.

  (2)区分主从句表示的不同时间概念:

  主从句谓语动词所指时间不同,这叫做错综时间条件句,动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。如:

  Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.

  (主句与现在事实相反,从句与过去事实相反)

  Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.

  (主句与现在事实相反,从句与过去事实相反)

  (3)识别事实和假设混合句:

  Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.

  (句子前半部分为假设情况,而“父母病了”是事实)

  I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.

  (前半部分为假设,后半部分是事实)

  二、名词性从句的虚拟形式

  名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句的谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表示虚拟。考生应熟悉:

  (1)下列动词做谓语时,that宾语从句中的动词用虚拟形式:

  desire, advise, recommend, command, dir...

大学英语四级语法之虚拟语气

 

  很多考生对于英语中的虚拟语气并不是很了解,虽然看似不难,但每次一碰到相关选项就各种犯错。今天,留学群小编就来为小伙伴们解读,以下是详细内容,和留学群小编一起来看一下吧,希望小伙伴们能对它有个明朗的理解!

  虚拟语气用来表示假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气表示说话者所说的话并非事实,或难以实现的,甚至表达相反的概念。另外表示主观愿望或表达某种强烈的感情时,也用虚拟语气。

  在虚拟语气中,除了记住一套与时态相对应的规范用法之外,以下几点也是不容忽视的:

  l、名词性从句中要用过去时或should+动词原型构成虚拟语气。如:Itistimewewenthome.

  2、wouldrather,hadrather后的从句动词用相当于陈述语气的过去时来表示现在或将来发生的动作。如:Iwouldratheryouwentwithher.我宁愿你跟她走。只有当wouldrather后面动作的主体与前面主语一致时才可以用不带to的动词不定式,如:I’drathertaketheimportantletterwithme.在这个句子中,rather后面的主语为I,和前面的主语一致,所以用的不是过去式,而是不带to的动词不定式。

  3、在itisimportant/suggested/necessary/proposed等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气表示应该做什么事情,即用动词原形或should+动词原型,如:Itisimportantthatyou(should)behereontime.再如:

  Itisoftheutmostimportancethatyou_______hereontime.

  A.be B.shallbeC.aretobe D.mustbe

  这个知识点是上文中的第三点,显然答案是A,其中的should被省略了。类似的可以引起主语从句为虚拟语气的形容词或过去分词还有appropriate,advisable,better,imperative,insistent,natural,preferable,strange,urgent,vital,desirable,demanded,recommended,required等。

  4、词组butfor相当于wereitnotfor或haditnotbeenfor,表示一种含否定意义的条件,后面一般加名词或名词短语,如:Hemighthavebeenkilledbutforthearrivalofthepolice.要不是警察来了他本可能被杀死。

  5、在某些表示祝愿的句子里需要用虚拟语气,如:Mayyoubehappyallyourlife!

  希望以上所说能对你有所帮助!

  推荐阅读:

  

2014考研英语复习资料:混合虚拟语气语法难点解析

 

  以下由留学群考研英语复习资料频道为为您精心提供,欢迎大学参考。

  有时主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间,这时需要用混合虚拟语气。一般来说,在这种情况下,主从句谓语动词指代的时间不同,所以我们又可以错综时间条件句,在这种虚拟情况,动词形式应根据实际情况灵活使用,在做这些题目时候尤其要注意每道题目的提示语:时间状语。绝大多数情况下,从句或者主句都有相关的时间状语,这是我解题的关键。

  If you that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be sosleepy.

  A. haven’t watched B. didn’t watch

  C. hadn’t watched D. wouldn’t have watched 答案选C。

  Many dead would now be alive if they have not attempted to returnfor something.

  Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would beour chairman now.

  混合虚拟语气还有一种情况就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句,这样的句子不仅仅是时间的不同,而重要是事实和假设的混合。

  I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at allpossible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.

  该句前半部分是假设虚拟,而后半部分是事实的陈述。

  Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-upexamination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.

  该句前半句用的是假设虚拟,后半句主句也用的是假设虚拟(如果你去并且解释的话),但是后半句的从句用的是事实语气,因为“父母病了”是客观事实,故不需要用虚拟形式had been。

  考研英语复习资料栏目推荐链接:

  考研英语完形600核心词汇汇总

  2014考研英语阅读理解提分攻略汇总

  2014考研英语复习资...