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被动语态结构
助动词be+及物动词的过去分词;情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。被动语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
被动语态的用法
1.一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。
3.一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4.现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。
They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。
5.现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词
This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。
6.过去进行时的被动语态构成:was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词
The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候...
10-06
高考英语中被动语态结构是怎样的,被动语态又是怎么构成的呢?需要了解的小伙伴们看过来,下面由留学群小编为你精心准备了“高考英语复习:被动语态结构”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!
高考英语复习:被动语态结构
一、被动语态结构
助动词be+及物动词的过去分词;情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。被动语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
公式:be+动词的过去分词
应用范围:表示被动的情况,一般是及物动词有被动语态,切记不及物动词与一些固定词组是没有被动语态的。例如:happen, take place
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。
例如:Many people speak English.
谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
主动态和被动态指的是动词形式,是词法概念;而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构,从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子,而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。
例如:He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)
歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要;
二、主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。
歌诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。
The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句)
三、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
四、被动语态口诀
一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词,be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have(has)done,被动将been加中间。
一般将来shall(will)do,被动变do为be done。
将来进行无被动,shall(will)be doing。
现在完成时,被动 have(has)been done。
现、过进行be doing,被动be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥...
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2017年高考英语语法:被动语态结构
(1) 一般现在时:am /is /are +及物动词的过去分词;
例:I am asked to the party today.
(2) 一般过去时:was /were+及物动词的过去分词;
例:I was asked to the party last night.
(3) 现在进行时:am /is /are being +及物动词的过去分词;
例:I am being asked to the party today.
(4) 过去进行时:was /were being +及物动词的过去分词;
例:I was being asked to the party that time.
(5)一般将来时:助动词will +be +及物动词的过去分词;
或:am /is /are going to +be +及物动词的过去分词;
例:I will be asked to the party tomorrow.
例:I am going to be asked to the party tomorrow.
(6)过去将来时:助动词would +be +及物动词的过去分词;
或:was /were going to +be +及物动词的过去分词;
例:I would be asked to the party the next day.
例:I was going to be asked to the party the next day.
(7)现在完成时:助动词has /have +been +及物动词的过去分词;
例:I has been asked to the party today.
(8) 过去完成时:助动词had +been +及物动词的过去分词;
例:I had been asked to the party the day before.
另外,含有情态动词的被动语态构成为:情态动词+助动词be +及物动词的过去分词.
例:I may be asked to the party today.
小编精心为您推荐:
高考英语语法知识点:频度副词的用法10-23
天津三中 陈吉敏
▲My mother looks through the magazine every day. (一般现在时的主动语态)
The magazine is looked through by my mother every day. (一般现在时的被动语态)
▲My mother looked through the magazine last night. (一般过去时的主动语态)
The magazine was looked through by my mother last night. (一般过去时的被动语态)
英语中的被动语态是同学们在中学阶段需要掌握的主要语法内容之一,在中考中也占有非常重要的位置。在初中三年级上册(外研版)的模块3和模块4中,对中学阶段所学的各种时态和含有情态动词句子的被动语态进行了讲解,并总结出各种情况相对应的主动语态和被动语态结构。但是同学们会发现,只靠“死记”各种情况的被动语态结构,在改写句子的时候特别容易出错(尤其是进行时和完成时两种情况)。那么,同学们就应该转变方法,由“死记”转向“推理”。
对于各种情况被动语态结构的推理,我们可以把它概括为一句话,即“先考虑语态结构,再考虑时态结构,时态要体现在be动词上”。下面,让我们以各种情况为例,体会一下这一方法的具体含义。
①一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态:
例句:
②含有情态动词的句子和一般将来时的被动语态:
例句:
▲I can/will finish the work on time.
↓
The work can/will be finished on time.
▲I’m going to finish the work on time.
↓
The work is going to be finished on time.
③现在进行时的被动语态:
例句:
▲My mother is looking through the magazine.
↓
The magazine is being looked through by my mother.
④现在完成时的被动语态:
例句:
▲I have finished the work.
↓
The work has been finished.
[中考真题]
1.The telephone ______by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. (2008 天津)
A. was invented B. has been invented C. is invented D. will be invented
2. A talk on developments in science and technology _____ in the school hall next week. (2007天津)
A. ...
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